Multi-stakeholder Co-Management Initiative for a Marine Protected Area
Case Study C0003
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| Date | 2004 |
| Agency | BNPMAB |
| Donor/support agency | Indonesian government |
| Project type | Implemented by agency |
| Context(s) | Protected area |
| Geographic coverage | Indonesia |
| Locality | North Sulawesi |
| Biodiversity focus | Marine Protected Area habitat |
| Development focus | Villagers living in the park |
| Conservation goals | Conservation of marine national park |
| Poverty reduction goals | No stated goals |
Summary
Bunaken National Park Management Advisory Board (BNPMAB) is a co management initiative involving government, community, private, academic and non governmental organisations for the management of a marine protected area, rich with fish, coral and mangrove species and is located in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Approximately 30000 people live in 22 villages in the protected area and depend on the surrounding natural resources for their livelihoods. Before BNPMAB was established, destructive practices like coral mining, cyanide fishing and mangrove cutting were depleting the natural resource base and there was no coordination between local people, tourism operators and park authorities for the management of the park. In the year 2000, BNPMAB was established in response to a decentralisation and reform process in Indonesia. It adopted participatory and consultative approach with all the stakeholders and successfully managed to eradicate destructive practices while safeguarding the natural resource base and improving livelihood opportunities for local communities. Bunaken Concerned Citizen's forum (FMPTNB) represents the local communities in BNPMAB and has one third of total seats on the advisory board with an equal representation from men and women. FMPTNB along with the board has established a multiple-use zonation system that ensures that the conservation, tourism, and villager livelihood functions of the park can be attained in a harmonious way. It has helped to resolve resource use conflicts and villagers have been spared of uncontrolled tourism development. Another partner in this initiative, the North Sulawesi Water sports Association (NSWA) has worked closely with FMPTNB to ensure that the tourism industry provides maximum benefits to local villagers. It provides over 1000 jobs to local youth. FMPTNB has also worked with USAID to develop non tourism livelihood opportunities for local communities. In one such initiative, local women use discarded coconut shells to make charcoal for fuel which is sold in nearby villages to earn extra income and has reduced pressure on mangroves for fuelwood. 30 % of the park entrance revenues are used for the development programmes of the park villages. All these efforts have made BNPMAB a successful initiative which has conserved the marine protected area with improvement of people's livelihood.
Conservation impact
Conservation of 400 species of hard coral (with best live coral conditions in southeast asia), mangrove replantation and improvement of habitat
Poverty reduction impact
40000 people benefit economically from the park and over 1000 jobs were created for local villagers
Strategy for Conservation/Poverty Linkages
Local conservation enterprise opportunities
Provision of alternative livelihoods
Local employment/job creation
Revenue sharing
Enabling local participation in policy-/decision- making processes
Enhanced access to/availability of natural resources for local use
Devolution or reinstatement of local rights over/access to resources
More information
Ms. Angelique Batuna, Vice Chair, Bunaken Mgmt. Board, Santo Joseph No 39, manado 95116, Indonesia, Phone: (62) 8124303770, Fax (62) 431-842321, email: dptnb@indosat.net.id
Related records above this one:
- Indonesian Government (Organisation O0044)
Related records below this one:
- Agroforestry Parklands in sub-Saharan Africa (Biblio B0293)